Hyd – H₂o

The historic city of Hyderabad (Deccan) was founded in the year 1591 A.D. by Mohd. Quli Qutub Shah, the fifth king of Golconda, with its city centre around Charminar. It was the capital of Nizam’s dominion in the erstwhile state of Hyderabad, offers a fascinating panorama of the past, with richly mixed cultural and historical tradition spanning over 400 years. Soon after India gained independence, Hyderabad state merged with the union of India in the year 1948. On November 1, 1956 the map of India was redrawn into linguistic states and Hyderabad became the capital of Andhra Pradesh. It continued to remain the capital of erstwhile Hyderabad State till the states re-organization, took place in the year 1956. From 1st November, 1956, Hyderabad City became the capital of enlarged State of Andhra Pradesh. It is situated centrally (Geographically) in the country and is the fifth largest city in India. Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, 2014 part 2 Section 5: On and from the appointed day, Hyderabad in the existing State of Andhra Pradesh, shall be the common capital of the State of Telangana and the State of Andhra Pradesh for such period not exceeding ten years. After expiry of the period referred to in sub-section, Hyderabad shall be the capital of the State of Telangana and there shall be a new capital for the State of Andhra Pradesh.

GEOGRPAHY OF HYDERABAD

The whole city is surrounded by hillocks on all sides and is built on undulated ground. The city lies between 78º 22′ 30″ and 78º 32′ 30″ East Longitude and between 17º 18′ 30″ and 17º 28′ 30″ North Latitude.The city is situated in the Krishna Basin and the River Musi, which is a tributary of river Krishna, passes through the City of Hyderabad bifurcating the old and new city. The dividing ridge between Krishna and Godavari rivers runs close by a distance of 30 Km., from the City. Ground levels of the city vary from 487 meters to 610 meters above mean sea level.The terrain of twin cities generally slopes towards the Musi River.The River Musi, with a gradient of 2 m per kms flows from west to east and most of the streams are ephemeral in nature. The ground water potential is generally low. The main geomorphic units are residual Hills, pediment inselbergs, pediplains and valley fills. The soils are mostly of red lateritic, yellow sandy-clay loams and alluvial black soils. The thickness of the soil cover ranges from 0.5 m to 2.0 m.The soil consists of gravel mixed with chalk resting on sheet of granite rock. The temperature in the city range from 22ºC, to 43ºC between January to May and 33ºC to 27.5ºC during August and November. The maximum temperature vary between 40ºC to 44ºC and the minimum temperature vary between 7ºC to 10ºC.Wind direction is from South West with a speed of 5.15, 10.3, 13.84 and 6.92 Kms per hour in January, May, August and November respectively. Sky clearance factor is 50 to 70 except in rainy season which is about 20. Evaporation rate is about 250 cms, per year and the average rainfall is 79 cms per year. Hyderabad centrally located on the top of the Deccan Plateau presently is one of the fastest growing cities of India and has emerged as a strong industrial, commercial, technology centre and occupies prime position in India.

Demography

When the GHMC was created in 2007, the area occupied by the municipality increased from 175 sq.km (68 sq mi) to 650 sq.km (250 sq mi). Consequently, the population increased by 87%, from 3,637,483 in the 2001 census to 6,809,970 in the 2011 census, 24% of which are migrants from elsewhere in India, making Hyderabad the nation’s fourth most populous city. As of 2011, the population density is 18,480/sq.km (47,900/sq mi). At the same 2011 census, the Hyderabad Urban Agglomeration had a population of 7,749,334, making it the sixth most populous urban agglomeration in the country. The population of the Hyderabad urban agglomeration has since been estimated by electoral officials to be 9.1 million as of early 2013 but is expected to exceed 10 million. There are 3,500,802 male and 3,309,168 female citizens—a sex ratio of 945 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 926 per 1000. Among children aged 0–6 years, 373,794 are boys and 352,022 are girls—a ratio of 942 per 1000. Literacy stands at 82.96% (male 85.96%; female 79.79%), higher than the national average of 74.04%. The socio-economic strata consist of 20% upper class, 50% middle class and 30% working class.